⇦ coats, colors, & patterns   welcome eridox index   the sausage link message board   goodies for your woofer   wellness & nutrition consultations   breeding consultations   eridox about me   my hot dogs hotdog stats adults my bratwursts bratwurst stats puppies   frankfurter fotos hunt pics   general info history of wieners   teckel terms   coats, colors, & patterns   genetic disorders   of interest current genetics studies   genetic & phenotypic testing   unrelated book research      other resources dachsie links   site references   contact me   color and pattern alleles The alleles in orange have been discovered thus far, and the other alleles, in pink, have not.  For explanations of each, see the coat, color, and pattern pages, and for discussion, go to the sausage link. coat series s-series: shorthair on chromosome 32, gene FGF5 The s-series affects the major length of hair. It encompasses the following alleles:  S (dominant shorthair), s (recessive longhair). Testing for S and s is available through DNA Diagnostics Center. w-series: wirehair The w-series affects hair texture, hair cycle, and possibly hair layering. It encompasses the following alleles:  W (wirehair), w (non-wirehair). color series b-series: black on chromosome 11, gene TyrP1 The b-series affects shape and organization of eumelanin. It encompasses the following alleles:  B (black), bc (brown/"chocolate"), bd (brown/"chocolate"), bs (brown/"chocolate"). Testing for B and b is available through HealthGene and VetGen. c-series: concentration   probably on chromosome 21, gene uncertain The c-series affects concentration/depth of pheomelanin. It encompasses the following alleles:  C (full concentration of pheomelanin), cb (blue-eyed/cornaz dilution), cch (chinchilla dilution), cd (dondo dilution), ce (extreme dilution), c (albino dilution). C-series dilution only visually affects pheomelanin, not eumelanin. d-series: dilution on chromosome 25, gene MLPH The d-series affects concentration/depth of eumelanin and pheomelanin. It encompasses the following alleles:  D (full concentration of pheomelanin/eumelanin), d (dilution of pheomelanin/eumelanin). D-series dilution affects eumelanin to a great extent and affects pheomelanin to a lesser extent. D-series dilution has been called "blue dilution" in the past, but this is somewhat of a misnomer, as d-series dilution can dilute any coat color — red (and all its variants), black, and chocolate (and chocolate's minor variants). Testing for D and d is available through HealthGene. pattern series a-series: agouti on chromosome 24, gene ASiP The a-series affects the distribution of eumelanin. It encompasses the following alleles:  ay (or A; ASPS; [mostly] solid pheomelanin), aw (wolf), as (saddle), at (points), a (ASES; solid eumelanin). Testing for ay and a is available through HealthGene and VetGen. e-series: extension on chromosome 5, gene Mc1R The e-series affects production/restriction of eumelanin. It encompasses the following alleles:  E, m (masking), e (ESPS; solid pheomelanin). Recessive red will suppress all eumelanin production in the hair so that only pheomelanin will be present. A recessive red's base/underlying color can therefore be, for example, black-&-red (often called black-&-tan) (B[B/b] ee), but eumelanin production is suppressed, so the red (in this case, what is often called "Irish setter red"; ee; recessive e) covers the entire coat, leaving the eumelanin to still be expressed only on the nose, nails, etc. The lack of eumelanin in the hair is also why a recessive red cannot have eumelanistic shading, why a recessive red dapple (Mm) will not show dappling (except in the eyes, if dappling occurs on them), and why a recessive red double dapple (MM) will not show dappling except for the white areas (except in the eyes, if dappling occurs on them). Testing for E and e is available through HealthGene and VetGen, and testing for m is available through HealthGene. h-series: harlequin on chromosome 9 The h-series affects distribution/dilution/existence of eumelanin/pheomelanin. It encompasses the following alleles:  H (harlequin), h. k-series: black on chromosome 16 The k-series affects distribution/extension of eumelanin. It encompasses the following alleles:  K (KSES; [mostly] solid eumelanin), br (brindling), k. Dominant K is epistatic to whatever is found at the a-locus, meaning that it suppresses expression of all a-series alleles. Testing for K, br, and k might be available to the public by the end of 2007. m-series: merling on chromosome 10, gene SILV / Pmel17 The m-series affects distribution/dilution/existence of eumelanin/pheomelanin. It encompasses the following alleles:  M (merling/dappling), m. Testing for M and m is available through GenMark. r-series: roaning   The r-series affects existence of eumelanin/pheomelanin splashes shown on white. It encompasses the following alleles:  R (roaning), r. s-series: spotting on chromosome 20, gene MITF The s-series affects restriction eumelanin/pheomelanin. It encompasses the following alleles:  S (full self-color), si (tuxedo), sp (piebald), sw (extreme white). Testing for S and sw, and possibly the others, might be available to the public by the end of 2007. t-series: ticking probably on chromosome 15, gene uncertain The t-series affects existence of eumelanin/pheomelanin spots generally shown on a white background. It encompasses the following alleles:  T (ticking), t. Unless otherwise noted: All text, images, & audio, unless noted, are copyright by Lisa J. Emerson & may not be used or reproduced without express permission. All TSL posts are copyright by their respective authors and may not be used or reproduced without their express permission. All pictures are copyright by their respective authors and may not be used or reproduced without their express permission.